What is identified as wrong with the pupil's answer about comparing data to retests?

What is identified as wrong with the pupil's answer about comparing data to retests?

• A. It confuses reliability
• B. The cause and the effect are mixed up
• C. It uses incorrect units
• D. It ignores norms

Answer: (B)

The main idea is evaluating reliability by comparing data across occasions. When you retest, you’re checking if scores stay consistent over time, not saying the retest creates the differences. If you say the retest caused the data to change, you’re mixing up cause and effect. The retest is a separate measurement that reveals whether the original result is stable; small differences between test and retest suggest good reliability, while large differences point to measurement error or other factors. So the flaw in the pupil’s answer is treating the retest as the source of change rather than recognizing that variation across occasions indicates how reliable the measurement is.

The main idea is evaluating reliability by comparing data across occasions. When you retest, you’re checking if scores stay consistent over time, not saying the retest creates the differences. If you say the retest caused the data to change, you’re mixing up cause and effect. The retest is a separate measurement that reveals whether the original result is stable; small differences between test and retest suggest good reliability, while large differences point to measurement error or other factors. So the flaw in the pupil’s answer is treating the retest as the source of change rather than recognizing that variation across occasions indicates how reliable the measurement is.